Distribution function of energetic particles and time evolution of frequency spectrum of fluctuations. Initially, the energetic particle distribution function is mountain-like. Its slope increases in the region of the first fluctuation and as the shape of the mountain changes, the slope of the distribution function becomes steeper in the region of the second fluctuation. The distortion in the energetic particle distribution function caused by the first fluctuation excites the second fluctuation, and it is clarified that both fluctuations occur in a coupled manner. Credit: National Institute of Fusion Science
Importance and future work
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